Enamel and varnish



Patented Feb. 2, 1937 UNITED STATES ENAMEL AND VARNISH Harvey G. Kittredge and Albert J. Turner, Dayton,

Ohio, assignors to The Kay and Ess Chemical Corp., Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application December 28, 1934,

Serial No. 759,549

4 Claims. (01. 134-2 This invention relates to enamels and varnishes. and particularly to a finish that imitates the appearance of leather, in light colors and pastel shades, which can be baked at a low temperature with the minimum of discoloration. Previously it has been difficult to employ light,delicate colors and pastel shades in baked enamels on account of the discoloration of the varnishes used at the temperature ranges required of from 300 to 400 10 degrees F., and also because of the original dark color of the varnishes employed.

The present invention has the dual purpose of providing an enamel or .varnish which dries with an imitation leather finish and which can be ,pigmented with light, delicate colors that will bake at a. temperature of 255 degrees F., and

which will not discolor materially so as to change the shades.

It is our object to provide a process of manufacture and a composition of matter which has these qualities. Our invention consists of the manufacture and blending of suitable varnishes and raw China wood oil with or without additional dners,

to produce an imitation leather finish in combination with the light colors and pastel shades of v the pigments.

' Varnish C In order to make the first varnish designated as above, we take 100 pounds of Amberol 3/8 1 Lt.

i0 and 14 gallons of raw China wood oil, heating the China wood oil and the above synthetic resin in a varnish kettle to 550 degrees F. Three pounds oflinoleate of lead and one pound of linoleateof cobalt are then added' and stirred thoroughly.

The batch is then allowed to cool to 450 degrees F.

and then reduced with 32 gallons of petroleum naphtha.

Amberol is a phenol, formaldehyde, synthetic resin. It is made as follows: to one hundred parts 40 of phenol aldehyde resin difiicultly fusible and only partly soluble in benzol and other solvents and produced, for instance, by heating 108 parts.

- 55 several hours while being stirred carefully. A

typical formula for amberol is shown in United States Patent No. 1,623,901.

Varnish D gallons of toluol and 60 gallons of petroleum naphtha.

Example 1 15 A typical varnish or enamel for making a white imitation leather finish is made up as follows:

Varnish C -2 11 gallons Varnish D 6% gallons 20 Raw China wood oil 1% gallons Thinner composed of equal parts of toluol and petroleum naphtha 1 to 2 gallons Paste composed of pure titanium dioxide ground in a spar varnish- 120 pounds 25 This enamel is applied by spraying. It is then put into an oven at a temperature of 200 to 250 degrees F. and held at approximately 225 degrees for two and a half to three hours. The resulting product will have a wrinkled surface imitating leather. It will appear substantially without discoloration, and provide a smooth, heavy and pebbled surface that is a close imitation of genuine leather.

Example 2 Varnish C and Varnish D can be varied in proportions of two to one of Varnish C to Varnish D, or two to one of Varnish D with respect to Varnish C. Raw China wood oil can be varied in the same combination from one to ten parts. That is, from one to ten gallons, when gallons are used as the measure of the parts. The more China wood oil used, the less the luster, and the finer the finish or grain of the leather.

Diiferent colors may be employed, such as: ultramarine blues; chrome'yellows and greens; chromium oxide greens, toluidine and lithol reds, etc.

In the foregoing varnishes the proportions may be varied, but we prefer the proportions indicated. which we have found to be practical varnishes for this purpose. I 4

It will be understood that we desire to comprehend within our invention such modifications as come within the scope of ourclaims and 'our in- China-wood oil, toluol and petroleum naphtha;

raw China wood oil and a thinner of toluol and petroleum naphtha, and a light color paste ground 7 in spar varnish.

2. A composition of matter capable of drying in a hard irregular finish upon being baked from 200 to 225 degrees. F., comprising: 100 pounds of a synthetic resin composed of 1 part phenolic aldehyde resin, 8 parts colophony and 1 part glycerol and 14 gallons of raw China wood oil heatedizo 550 degrees F. with 3 pounds of linoleate of le id a'iwi one pound of linoleate of cobalt; cooledtg Z 30 degrees F. and reduced with 32 galions of petroleum naphtha; a varnish of 1200 pounds of pure phenolic condensate resin mixed with 20 gallons of raw China wood oil; heated slowly for approximatlg'ZfiQminutes to 450-.de-

'grees E, and after holding at this temperature for twenty minutes'thinned with 20 gallons of toluol and 60 gallons of petroleum naphtha; raw

. China wood oil; a thinner of equal parts of toluol and petroleum naphtha; and a light color-paste ground in spar varnish.

' 3. A composition of matter capable of drying in i a hard irregular finish upon being baked-from 200 to 225 degrees F., comprising: 100 pounds of a synthetic resin composed of 1 part phenolic aldehyde resin, 8 parts colophony and 1 part glycerol and 14 gallons of raw China wood oil heated to 550 degrees F. with 3 pounds of linoleate of lead and one pound of linoleate of cobalt; cooled to 450 degrees F. and reduced with 32 galions of petroleum naphtha; a varnish of 200 pounds of phenolic resin which is a condensate of vpure phenol mixed with 20 gallons of raw China wood oil; heated slowly for approximately 25 minutes to 450 degrees F., and after. holding at this temperature for twenty minutes thinned with 20 gallons of toluol and gallons of petroleum naphtha; 1% gallons of raw China wood oil; one to two gallons of thinner of toluol and petroleum naphtha; and120 pounds of a light color paste ground in spar varnish. v

4. A sprayable enamel for producing imitation leather finishes in light colors comprising 11% gallons of a varnish composed of 10 lbs. phenol aldehyde resin, 10 lbs. glycerol and lbs. colophony to 3 lbs. linoleate of lead, 1 lb. linoleate of cobalt and 14 gallons of raw China wood oil,

mixed with 6% gallons of a varnish composed of f 200 lbs. pure phenol condensate resin to 20 gallons raw China wood oil, 20 gallons toluol and 60 gallons of petroleum naphtha, mixed with 1 to 2 gallons of a thinner composed of equal parts of toluol and petroleum naphtha and combined with lbs. of a paste composed of pure titanium dioxide ground ina spar varnish.

' ALBERT J. TURNER. 

